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法國學生示威蔓延 總理召開危機會議Student protests spread in France; Prime Minister holds crisis meeting

美聯社/巴士的報 ·2026-10-01

法國多地學生示威持續並蔓延至多個城市,部分示威出現縱火及暴力行為,有學校被縱火、教職員被人淋汽油。總理勒科爾尼召開危機會議,要求部長取消未來數日所有官方行程,以集中處理示威活動。Student protests continue in many parts of France and have spread to multiple cities. Some demonstrations involved arson and violence, with some schools set on fire and staff being doused with gasoline. Prime Minister Élisabeth Borne held a crisis meeting, demanding that ministers cancel all official engagements in the coming days to focus on handling the protests.

法國總理周四召開危機會議,並取消部長行程,以應對全國蔓延、部分涉及暴力的中學生示威。學生們不滿學校資源不足、上課時間過長及其他問題。

示威上周在巴黎地區學校爆發,規模不斷擴大。警方與年輕示威者衝突,拘捕數百人。當局報告數十人受傷,傷者包括被投擲物擊中,部分懷疑是被警方防暴彈藥擊傷。

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這張以智能手機拍攝的照片顯示,中學生周四(2026年10月1日)在巴黎堵塞伏爾泰中學入口,要求更多資源。(美聯社圖片/Nicolas Garriga) AP圖片

這張以智能手機拍攝的照片顯示,中學生周四(2026年10月1日)在巴黎堵塞伏爾泰中學入口,要求更多資源。(美聯社圖片/Nicolas Garriga) AP圖片

這張以智能手機拍攝的照片顯示,中學生周四(2026年10月1日)在巴黎堵塞伏爾泰中學入口,要求更多資源。(美聯社圖片/Nicolas Garriga) AP圖片

學生周四(2026年10月1日)在法國里爾焚燒垃圾,抗議學校資源不足。(美聯社圖片/Jean-Francois Badias) AP圖片

一名學生周四(2026年10月1日)在法國里爾的示威中,手持寫有「我們要高中畢業文憑,不要反罪惡部隊」的標語牌,要求學校提供更多資源。(美聯社圖片/Jean-Francois Badias) AP圖片

周四(2026年10月1日),法國里爾,學生示威要求學校增加資源,一名學生手持寫有「我們要高中畢業文憑 (BAC),不要反罪惡部隊 (BAC)」的標語牌。(美聯社圖片/Jean-Francois Badias) AP圖片

這次示威迅速成為取代總統馬克龍的競選活動中一個熱門話題,馬克龍憲法上禁止在明年五月尋求第三個連任。示威亦加劇法國政府面臨日益嚴峻的財政問題壓力,並蓋過政府周四公布的2027年削減開支預算案。

在一間有學生堵塞入口的巴黎中學,18歲的薩拉瑪·加爾古里表示,示威者希望針對「過度繁重的課程表、制度、教師、不聽取我們意見的人,以及大學申請程序」。

這張以智能手機拍攝的照片顯示,中學生周四(2026年10月1日)在巴黎堵塞伏爾泰中學入口,要求更多資源。(美聯社圖片/Nicolas Garriga) AP圖片

法國中學生通常早上八時開始上課,並留在學校直至傍晚。

另一名巴黎中學生珍娜·塔哈里說:「長輩說,『孩子們,每天早上八時到傍晚六時上學。』但他們不知道這對精神造成甚麼影響。」

這張以智能手機拍攝的照片顯示,中學生周四(2026年10月1日)在巴黎堵塞伏爾泰中學入口,要求更多資源。(美聯社圖片/Nicolas Garriga) AP圖片

部分示威活動邊緣的縱火、投擲物及其他暴力行為,導致受傷人數增加及互相指責。內政部長已下令警方驅散阻止學生上課的堵塞,並制止暴力及破壞行為。

中學西班牙語教師朱麗葉特·埃斯蒂維爾表示,示威遭到鎮壓促使她加入學生行列。

這張以智能手機拍攝的照片顯示,中學生周四(2026年10月1日)在巴黎堵塞伏爾泰中學入口,要求更多資源。(美聯社圖片/Nicolas Garriga) AP圖片

她說:「我來這裏只是為了提供保護,在警方和學生之間形成一道屏障。今天確實進展順利,但我真的認為,來到堵塞現場的教師,只是為了保護我們的年輕人。」

教育部長愛德華·傑弗雷表示,周四的暴力事件包括一間學校被縱火,以及教職員被淋汽油。他說已發出指示,當學校因堵塞或損壞而令學生面臨危險時,應遙距上課。

學生周四(2026年10月1日)在法國里爾焚燒垃圾,抗議學校資源不足。(美聯社圖片/Jean-Francois Badias) AP圖片

傑弗雷在社交平台X上發文說:「暴力不會剝奪學生接受教育的基本權利。」

極左翼總統候選人讓-呂克·梅朗雄譴責政府的應對措施是鎮壓。他的批評者指責梅朗雄的政黨煽動暴力,並利用動亂在總統選舉前爭取支持。

一名學生周四(2026年10月1日)在法國里爾的示威中,手持寫有「我們要高中畢業文憑,不要反罪惡部隊」的標語牌,要求學校提供更多資源。(美聯社圖片/Jean-Francois Badias) AP圖片

總理塞巴斯蒂安·勒科爾尼的辦公室表示,他要求部長們取消未來數天所有計劃的官方行程,以便當局和警方專注處理示威活動。

(美聯社)

周四(2026年10月1日),法國里爾,學生示威要求學校增加資源,一名學生手持寫有「我們要高中畢業文憑 (BAC),不要反罪惡部隊 (BAC)」的標語牌。(美聯社圖片/Jean-Francois Badias) AP圖片

特朗普政府周四發布擬議規例,指至少三十個州的幾乎所有學童,明年起可申請新的聯邦獎學金,以支付私立學校、在家教育及其他教育開支。

首個全國性擇校獎學金計劃「聯邦獎學金稅務抵免」將於一月一日推出,為參與州份的家庭選擇私立或在家教育,設立納稅人資助的誘因。向發放獎學金的機構捐款的納稅人,將獲得聯邦稅務抵免,這項優惠預計將進一步推動保守派的擇校運動。

教育部長琳達·麥克馬洪於二零二六年九月十八日周五,在華盛頓出席小型企業管理局百萬美元創業比賽前就座。(美聯社圖片/艾利森·羅伯特) AP圖片

據部門表示,這些州份約九成六的兒童應合資格。就讀公立學校的兒童可將獎學金用於額外學習開支。

擇校獎學金在保守派主導的州份及整個南部地區已推行數十年,為個別學生提供納稅人資助的撥款,金額從數千美元到每年超過三萬美元不等。美聯社的分析顯示,在佛羅里達州及亞利桑那州等不論收入均向所有學生提供獎學金的地方,大部分使用這筆資金的學生已在私立或在家教育,或來自富裕社區。

這項聯邦計劃有別於大部分州份計劃,它不強制學生離開公立學校才能獲得獎學金。公立學校學生可將資金用於補習或特殊教育治療,儘管共和黨政府尚未提供合資格開支的具體準則。

監管機構表示,他們已將計劃設定為更容易讓貧困學生申請,建議允許學生使用參與政府援助計劃的證明,以代替提供收入證明文件。官員指,寄養兒童申請時無需提供任何收入證明。

其他州份的擇校獎學金經驗顯示,使用這些計劃的障礙不僅限於文書工作。許多家庭往往不知道獎學金計劃的存在。聯邦官員未有說明他們將如何告知納稅人及學生有關獎學金的資訊。

由一月一日起,納稅人將有機會向參與州份的獎學金計劃捐款,即使他們不住在那裡。個人最多可捐贈一千七百美元,並獲得等額的聯邦稅務抵免。聯邦官員建議,共同報稅的夫婦最多可捐贈雙倍金額。

每個州的獎學金機構將根據可用資金及學生需求,決定向每位申請兒童發放多少金額。小學至高中的兒童,若其家庭收入達到該地區中位數收入的三倍,便可合資格。

財政部官員表示,獎學金受惠者可將資金用於支付宗教或私立學校學費、在家教育費用、補習及特殊教育治療、書籍、電腦以及其他與入學或出席相關的開支。

聯邦官員指,州份不能透過法律或規例來限制獎學金的用途或可發放獎學金的機構類型。

但州份可選擇是否參與該計劃。超過三十個州,主要位於南部及保守派主導的州份,已選擇參與。科羅拉多州、紐約州及新罕布什爾州亦已簽署加入。亞利桑那州、明尼蘇達州、威斯康辛州及俄勒岡州的州長已表示其州份不會加入,部分人認為這些計劃將資源從公立學校轉移。

包括加州、新墨西哥州及麻省在內的超過二十多個州,尚未說明他們將如何做。

決定是否參與的州長面臨許多相互競爭的目標和利益。這是一個為需要額外支援的學生帶來大量新的教育資金的機會,例如公立學校不提供的補習或額外言語治療。同時,佛羅里達州及亞利桑那州等州份的大型獎學金計劃,加劇了公立學校日益嚴重的入學危機。

儘管如此,這項聯邦計劃預計將為科羅拉多州、內布拉斯加州、紐約州及北達科他州等尚未採用助學券或教育儲蓄戶口的州份,帶來納稅人資金用於私立學校學費。

國稅局及財政部預計,在納稅人捐款增加後,該計劃在短短數年內每年將撥出近二百六十億美元,用於多達二百二十萬份獎學金。

這項聯邦稅務抵免獎學金計劃,去年由美國總統特朗普簽署成為法律,作為其標誌性的減稅及削減開支法案。公眾有六十日時間就財政部的擬議規例發表意見。

(美聯社)

French Prime Minister held a crisis meeting on Thursday and canceled ministers' schedules to respond to nationwide high school student protests, some involving violence. Students are dissatisfied with insufficient school resources, excessively long class hours, and other issues.

The demonstrations broke out last week in schools in the Paris area and continue to expand in scale. The police clashed with young protesters, arresting hundreds. Authorities reported dozens of injuries, including people hit by thrown objects, with some suspected to have been injured by police riot ammunition.

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This photo taken with a smartphone shows middle school students blocking the entrance of Voltaire Middle School in Paris on Thursday (October 1, 2026), demanding more resources. (AP Photo/Nicolas Garriga) AP Photo

This photo taken with a smartphone shows middle school students blocking the entrance of Voltaire Middle School in Paris on Thursday (October 1, 2026), demanding more resources. (AP Photo/Nicolas Garriga) AP Photo

This photo taken with a smartphone shows middle school students blocking the entrance of Voltaire Middle School in Paris on Thursday (October 1, 2026), demanding more resources. (AP Photo/Nicolas Garriga) AP Photo

Students burned trash in Lille, France, on Thursday (October 1, 2026), to protest the lack of school resources. (AP Photo/Jean-Francois Badias) AP Photo

A student held a sign reading 'We want a high school diploma, not an anti-crime unit' during a demonstration in Lille, France, on Thursday (October 1, 2026), demanding more resources from the school. (AP Photo/Jean-Francois Badias) AP Photo

Thursday (October 1, 2026), Lille, France, students protested demanding more resources for schools. A student held a sign reading 'We want the high school diploma (BAC), not the anti-crime unit (BAC)'. (AP Photo/Jean-Francois Badias) AP Photo

This protest quickly became a hot topic in the campaign to replace President Macron, who is constitutionally prohibited from seeking a third term next May. The protests have also intensified the pressure on the French government facing increasingly severe financial problems, overshadowing the spending cuts budget for 2027 announced by the government on Thursday.

At a Paris high school where students were blocking the entrance, 18-year-old Salama Gargouri said that the protesters wanted to target 'overly heavy schedules, the system, teachers, those who do not listen to us, and the university application process.'

This photo taken with a smartphone shows middle school students blocking the entrance of Voltaire Middle School in Paris on Thursday (October 1, 2026), demanding more resources. (AP Photo/Nicolas Garriga) AP Photo

French middle school students usually start classes at eight in the morning and stay at school until the evening.

Another Parisian middle school student, Jenna Tahari, said, 'The elders say, "Children, go to school from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m. every day." But they don't know what effect this has on the mind.'

This photo taken with a smartphone shows middle school students blocking the entrance of Voltaire Middle School in Paris on Thursday (October 1, 2026), demanding more resources. (AP Photo/Nicolas Garriga) AP Photo

Arson, throwing objects, and other acts of violence on the fringes of some demonstrations have led to an increase in the number of injuries and mutual accusations. The Minister of the Interior has ordered the police to disperse blockades preventing students from attending classes and to stop acts of violence and vandalism.

Juliette Estivill, a high school Spanish teacher, said that the crackdown on the protests prompted her to join the students.

This photo taken with a smartphone shows middle school students blocking the entrance of Voltaire Middle School in Paris on Thursday (October 1, 2026), demanding more resources. (AP Photo/Nicolas Garriga) AP Photo

She said, "I came here just to provide protection, to form a barrier between the police and the students. Today did go smoothly, but I really believe that the teachers who came to the blockade site are only here to protect our young people."

Education Minister Edward Jeffrey stated that Thursday's violent incident included a school being set on fire and staff being doused with gasoline. He said instructions had been issued that schools should conduct remote classes when students are in danger due to blockages or damage.

Students burned trash in Lille, France on Thursday (October 1, 2026) to protest the lack of school resources. (AP Photo/Jean-Francois Badias)

Jeffrey posted on social media platform X: 'Violence will not deprive students of their basic right to education.'

Far-left presidential candidate Jean-Luc Mélenchon condemned the government's response as repression. His critics accused Mélenchon's party of inciting violence and using the unrest to gain support ahead of the presidential election.

A student held a sign reading 'We want a high school diploma, not an anti-crime unit' during a demonstration in Lille, France, on Thursday (October 1, 2026), demanding more resources from the school. (AP Photo/Jean-Francois Badias) AP Photo

The office of Prime Minister Sébastien Lecornu stated that he has asked ministers to cancel all planned official activities in the coming days so that authorities and the police can focus on handling the demonstrations.

(AP)

Thursday (October 1, 2026), Lille, France, students protested demanding more resources for schools. A student held a sign reading 'We want the high school diploma (BAC), not the anti-crime unit (BAC)'. (AP Photo/Jean-Francois Badias) AP Photo

The Trump administration on Thursday released proposed regulations stating that almost all schoolchildren in at least thirty states could apply for new federal scholarships starting next year to pay for private schools, homeschooling, and other educational expenses.

The first national school choice scholarship program, the 'Federal Scholarship Tax Credit,' will be launched on January 1, providing an incentive funded by taxpayers for families in participating states to choose private or home education. Taxpayers who donate to organizations that provide scholarships will receive a federal tax credit, and this benefit is expected to further promote the conservative school choice movement.

Secretary of Education Linda McMahon is seated on Friday, September 18, 2026, in Washington, ahead of the SBA Million Dollar Entrepreneurship Competition. (AP Photo/Alison Roberts) AP Photo

According to the department, about 96% of children in these states should be eligible. Children attending public schools can use the scholarships for additional learning expenses.

School choice scholarships have been implemented for decades in conservative-led states and throughout the South, providing taxpayer-funded grants to individual students, ranging from a few thousand dollars to more than $30,000 per year. An Associated Press analysis shows that in places like Florida and Arizona, where scholarships are offered to all students regardless of income, most students using this funding were already in private or home schooling, or come from affluent communities.

This federal program is different from most state programs in that it does not require students to leave public schools to receive scholarships. Public school students can use the funds for tutoring or special education therapy, although the Republican administration has not yet provided specific guidelines for eligible expenses.

Regulators stated that they have set the program to make it easier for low-income students to apply, suggesting that students be allowed to use proof of participation in government assistance programs instead of providing income documentation. Officials said that foster children do not need to provide any income documentation when applying.

Experiences with school choice scholarships in other states show that the obstacles to using these programs are not limited to paperwork. Many families often do not know about the existence of scholarship programs. Federal officials have not explained how they will inform taxpayers and students about the scholarships.

Starting from January 1, taxpayers will have the opportunity to contribute to scholarship programs in participating states, even if they do not live there. Individuals can donate up to $1,700 and receive an equivalent federal tax credit. Federal officials suggest that couples filing jointly can contribute up to double that amount.

Each state's scholarship agency will decide how much money to grant to each applying child based on available funds and student needs. Children from elementary to high school are eligible if their family income reaches three times the median income of the area.

Officials from the Ministry of Finance stated that scholarship recipients can use the funds to pay for tuition at religious or private schools, homeschooling expenses, tutoring and special education therapy, books, computers, and other expenses related to enrollment or attendance.

Federal officials stated that states cannot use laws or regulations to restrict the use of scholarships or the types of institutions that can award them.

But states can choose whether to participate in the program. More than thirty states, mainly in the South and those led by conservatives, have chosen to participate. Colorado, New York, and New Hampshire have also signed on to join. The governors of Arizona, Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Oregon have said that their states will not join, with some people believing that these programs divert resources from public schools.

More than twenty states, including California, New Mexico, and Massachusetts, have not yet indicated how they will proceed.

Governors deciding whether to participate face many competing goals and interests. This is an opportunity to bring a large amount of new educational funding to students who need extra support, such as tutoring or additional speech therapy not provided by public schools. At the same time, large scholarship programs in states like Florida and Arizona exacerbate the growing enrollment crisis in public schools.

Nevertheless, this federal program is expected to bring taxpayer funds for private school tuition to states such as Colorado, Nebraska, New York, and North Dakota, which have not yet adopted vouchers or education savings accounts.

The IRS and the Department of Treasury expect that, after donations from taxpayers increase, the program will allocate nearly $26 billion annually within just a few years, for up to 2.2 million scholarships.

This federal tax credit scholarship program was signed into law last year by U.S. President Trump as part of his signature tax-cutting and spending-reducing legislation. The public has sixty days to comment on the Treasury Department's proposed regulations.

(Associated Press)

原文出處:Source: 美聯社/巴士的報 ↗